Fountain.



N9. 634,569, Patented oct. lo, |899.

E. n. 999mm).

FOUNTAIN- ;Applcation le Ian. 25, 1899.)

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet l.

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No. 634,569 Y Pa'fem'd oct. lo, |899.

` an. AmAnn.

FOUNTAIN.

Application filed Ian. 25, 1899.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

l/l/ l/ No. 634,569. I Patented Ust. IO, |899.

E; D. BRAINARD. f

Fn u N T Al N (Application tiled Im. 25, 1899.)

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no. 634,569. K Patented out. lo, |899.

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Founum. (Application filed Jan. 25, 1899.) l' (un Mudez.) Y 5 sheets-shear '4.

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No. 634,569. Patented Oct. IU, |899.

E. D. BRAiNARD.

FDUIITAIH.

Appleltion filed Jan. 25,1899.) (lo lodeif) I 5 vShams-Sham 5.

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UNITED STATESx PATENT OFFICE.

EDWiN D. BEAINAREOF NEW YORK, N. Y.

FQUNTAIN.V

SPECIFICATIN fornng part of Letters Patent No. 634,569, dated October 10, 1899.

Application filed January 25, 1899. Serial No. 703,394. (No model.) I

To @ZZ whom, t mfcty concern:

Beit known that I, EDWIN D. BRAINARD, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fountains; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, andy to the letters and' figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a :new and improved apparatus for fountains.

In the drawings, Figure 1 shows a longitudinal sectional View of one form of my apparatus; Fig. 2, a similar view of another form thereof; Fig. 3, a plan view of Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a Vplan View of the piping shown in Fig. l; Fig. 5, a vertical sectional view of one form of my regulating-overilow; Fig. 6, a similar View of another form of this overiiow; Fig. 7, a similar view of still another form of the overiiow; Fig. 8, a vertical sectzionalview` of one of my jet-pipes; Fig. 9, a plan view of my tablet-bracket; Fig. 10, a plan View of the top of the funnel on Fig. 6; Figpll, a plan View of the top of Fig. 7; andFigs. 12 andl, elevationsl of my apparatus, showing display effects. Viewing Fig'. 1, the numeral 1 shows-*theY basin or receptacle, which may be composed of any desired materialY .and preferably, but not necessarily, has sloping or inclined side walls.

2v shows the main water-intake pipe, which is to be connected to a water-supply under pressure, and 3 a tubular casting having a plurality of outlet-openings.

4 shows the main distributing-pipes, ar-

y ranged to carry the water to the jet-pipes, a

plan of which is seen in Fig. 4.

5 shows the connecting-tubes or ends of pipes, connected with concentric` rings Aor headers 6, 6', and 7, as seen clearly in Fig. 7 showing the center ring or header, 6- the next larger, and 6 the'larger or outer ring or` header.

The numerals 7', 8, 9, 10, and 11- show the jet-pipes, which have iet-outlets of different sizes andcapacities, and these'are preferably composed of the lower and larger pipes 7 in communication with the tubular rings or headers 6, 6', and 7, while at 8 .is shown a reducer attached .to the top of pipe 7', followed by a smaller tube 9, and 9 by a still smaller one 10, this last l pipe bearing the nozzle 11, these nozzlesvaryin g in size of outlet'orifices The object of forming ter to 110W through an outer ring of Water, which outer ring clings to the walls of each lof the pipes composing the jet-pipes, and `therefore friction is reduced to its lowest terms.

12 shows my regulating-overflow. As the Water-jets flow or. are' forced upward, the

:mouths of the jet-pipes being under water,

the central portion of the body of the water in the basin l is more orless lifted, which causes it to recede from the walls of the basin and very soon after the apparatus is started in' operation produces waves or pulsations which rise above and again recede from the jet-pipes, sometimes covering and sometimes leaving these pipes uncovered.A TheY water Ais therefore in constant motion and is also constantly deepening by the fall of the waterjets in it. To regulate this, I have made my regulating-overow 12, which consists of a tube l2, connected at its lower end with a drain-pipe or other means for carrying off the surplus water. In the upper 'end of pipe 12 is a smaller pipe or tube having a flaring or funnel-shaped end 13, said tube working telescopically' in tube or pipe 12, as seen in Figs. l and 6but arranged with threading, as seen in Figs. 5 and 7. Across the mouth of the funnel 13 is a bar 14, having a threaded boss or nut, with the 'threads of which mesh the 'IOO or the tube may be formed into this funnel shape-in any desired manner.

lll-shows a stiff wire attached to an index tric rings 6, 6, and 7.

20, 25 showing a scale-carrying or tablet watcroverllows intothe funnelit passes down bracket, the object of all of which is to not the pipe in such a manner as to leave suffionly provide an overow for the apparatus, but one that will also act as a regulator thereto by controlling the varying depths of the water over the jet-pipes.

2l shows a key by which the valves 4", 4', and 4 are operated.

By viewing Fig. 4 itwill be seen the piping is divided into a plurality of sections-viz. A, B, C, and D-each of which proceeds from the tubular casting 3, Fig. l, and is looped, as seen, and passes to some one of the concen- In section A, I have a general intake-valve 4, through which the basin l is filled whether the other valves, are closed or opened.

4" is a lock-valve in each of the sections, whose object is to regulate the pressure and volu me of the water at jet-pipes 7 which may receive their water-su pply through this valve, and when the correct pressure or volume of water is found by operating valve 4 it is then locked fast, so as not to be again moved, except as those operating the apparatus may desire to unlock and change it. Valve 4l is used for turning the water on or off from the various sections.

Valve 4"" is a 1oy-pass valve whose use is as follows: Vhen valve 4' is shuta-nd valve 4 is opened, the water passes throughv the by-pass and may be sent to the jet-orifices at full pressure and volume or at any desired pressure or volume by more or less opening valve 4. This arrangement of the valves allows of the apparatus being changed in its display features at will by the operator, who after having operated it to his will by use of valve 4 may shut that valve, and the apparatus will then operate as prearranged when valve 4 was set and locked. The valves similarly numbered operate similarly in all the sections.

The jet-pipe 10 is made of Iiexible material, preferably of lead, for the reason that when the jet-pipes are set in proper position they should be exactly vertical, and if not so the flexible pipe will give and may be bent until the Water-jet shoots exactly perpendicular, which is necessary before the apparatus will display at its best, and again when the jetpipes are so constructed they are not easily thrown from the perpendicular by being struck by foreign bodies that may be thrown into the basin. 2l shows a key arranged to reach any of the valves when under water, and 22 a conduit leading to the drain, and 23, Fig. 4, a draw-off valve connecting with the drain.

In Fig. 5 I show another form of regulating overflow without the threaded tube l5. In this Fig. 5 12 shows the larger and lower tube and I3 the smaller tube, moving vertically in tube l2 by means of the threading shown therein, but having a funnel-shaped mouth turned or formed at practically right angles to the outer threaded tube 13, and when the cient opportunity forthe air to escape without the interventiouof any specially-designed airpassage tube or other device and the water escapes practically noiseless. The outer threading on tube 13 in this figure is to allow the tube to be raised and lowered in the end of inner threaded pipe 12.

In Figs. 5, 6, and 7 I also show my regulating-overflow 12 arranged with a telescopic jacket composed of the cylinders 28 and 32. In the upper portion of cylinder 28, Figs. 5 and 7, are air-escape openings 33, and in the bottom of cylinder 32 are openings or slots 34, so set and arranged that by lowering or raising cylinder 28 the openings 34 may be decreased or increased in area, but in Fig. G I leave the top of cylinder 28 open wit-hout a cover for some forms of my apparatus. The objectof thus jacket-ing the regulating-overflow is that when certain qualities of water are used-t'. e., such as promote vegetable growths,such as algathis growth forms upon the sides and bottom of the basin to such an extent that it interferes with the action of the apparatus, destroying or undesirably affecting the display features. In order to prevent this vegetable formation, I set the jacket as shown, whereby I am enabled to force the bottom stratas of water to enter at openings 34 and rise in the jacket and overflow at the mouth of the regulating-overflow, thus constantly keeping the bottom stratas in motion and carrying them off before the vegetable formation has time to grow and form and adhere to the basin, thus preventing it from interfering with the action of the apparatus. lVhen water is used that does not produce such a growth, the jacket is still useful, as it draws off the stagnant lower stratas, leaving` the fresh or live water in the basin and providing a pool wherein fish may be kept in the best possible condition. It will be seen that my jacketed overflow, while 'absolutel y essential to the operation of my apparatus when using certain waters, may also be used in any body of water having an overflow, like an aquarium where fish are kept, as it produces in the pool a condition of water precisely similar to a brook or river, the lower stratas being carried away, leaving fresh water only in the pool in which iish live and prosper as in their native streams.

In Fig. 2 I showin plan another form of my apparatus, whereby each jet-nozzle may be IOO IIO

separately cut out from its associate nozzles.

pipes. 27 shows the base or form to which the pipes are attached in any Well-known manner. In this ligure I have omitted to show/my regulatingovertlow,althou gh I make use of one.

The tablet-bracket, Fig. 9, is to be attached to the regulating-overflow l2, as shown, and is so constructed that it may be raised or lowered to any desired position. To establish the height ot' the permanent jet-pipes, I set up temporarily in the rings a set of short jet-pipes, the tops of which are all set at a level with each other. These jet-pipes are of the same diameter as the permanent. jetpipes which are to take their place when the length of said permanent jet-pipes is determined. I now adj ust the regulating-overflow 12 to the same level as the tops of the jetpipes. Water is now let in the pool or basin through valve 1i until the jet'pi pes are submerged, and valve 4' is then closed and Water turned in the jet-pipes by means of valve 4", and I find by gradually raising or lowering the regulating-overow the amount of load or depth of Water over the jet-pipes that the ring or group of j et-pipes is able to carry and display at its best form, as may be determined by the person in charge, and marking each separate ring of jet-pipes as separately tried and determined on the paper or other tablet inserted in the tablet-bracket 25. I now shut off the supply of Water and allow'4 the pool or basin or fountain to come to a level. The short j eti-pipes used to make this test would but partly till the pool or basin or founwtairn After the water has come to a level I measure on the wall at the circumference of the pool or basin the additional distance or height to till the same to the height required and that Will fill the pool or basin When all of the rings and jet-pipes are in full operation. These figures covering the additional depth of water being added to the marks on the tablet for each ring of jet-pipes will give the height required to be added to each ring of jet-pipes. It will be seen that the iirst marks on the tablet were produced from thev smallest volume or pressure of Water from the jet-pipes and consequently notable to lift a large load, but on the contrary the lightest load, and has the least force while its location is lowest on the tablet, ring G' delivering more Water with greater force, carrying more load, each ring being tested making its own record. By inverting the readings on the tablet I bring the ring or group of jet-pipes' with the smallest quantity of Water and the lightest load nearest the surface and with the exact quantity of Water over it, as determined bythe trial with the short jet-pipes, repeating the same operation With each ring of jet-pipes. I have now established for each ring or group of jet-pipes their proper height when Working under such load or depth of Water over said jet-pipes as Will in the judgment of the operator enable them to display at their best form and place the permanent j et-pipes at that height. As before explained,

the loading of the jet-pipes or the depth of Water over the jet-pipes is obtained by raising the regulating-overflow, the Water rising to the height of the regulating overflow. Each display of water can be produced at will by the operator openingthe valve in that section, or he can open all valves and operate all atene time, as he desires. The pressure-valves and regulating-overiiow are now locked or fastened, and theapparatus becomes automatic. By placing a Siphon-overflow instead of my regulating-overflowr the apparatus can be made to go through a cycle ot' displays. When all .of the valves are opened at one time, a large volume of Water and a proportion ally-large amount of force is introduced into the pool or basin, and the regulating-overflow being stationary by reason of its being locked or fastened the Water in the pool rises to the height'required to furnish Athe necessary load. Should the Water in the pool by reason of an increased pressure or supply in the main or by a diminished pressure or supply in the main raise or lower, it can be so equalized by increasing or diminishing the openings at the bottom of the jacket 28, 32 covering the regulating-oven flow. It we now shut oft the entire supply and open the valve that supplies any of the groups or rings of' jet-pipes, the regulatingoverflow will automatically discharge thesu rplus water or load over that group of jet-pipes and return to the display, as `previously determined.

The operation of my apparatus is as follows: Vhen the Water is turned on by the use of valve 4', (see Fig. 4,) the water iioWs into the basin l until sutticient Water to cover the jet-pipes enters the basin and valve v-i' is closed. Valve 4"" in allthe sections is closed. Valve 4"" in all the sections is now opened. I now operate valve 4" in section A until the pressure and volume of Water delivered at the central jet set on the inner ring 7 are as may be desired. This central `iet will then produce Wave action or a pulsating action in the Water in the basin l, which Waves as they recede from the central jet toward the sido Walls rise toa certain elevation, When'the funnel 13 is set so as to just allow thecwater at its highest flux to enter it. By setting this funnei 13 the wire 19 is moved, and the index 20registers a certain point on a remov- IIO able piece of paper or other suitable material set on the scale-guard 25, and the position is marked and valve 4c" is locked and valve 4"' is closed. I now operate valve 4" in section B until the desired pressure or volume of Water is delivered to the four outer jets set on rings 7, and if it should be found that the desired action is not thus obtained I now lower or raise the funnel 13 until the desired effect is obtained, and as the fun nel 13 is thus moved vthe index 2O produces another register on the re-v movable paper or other suitable material, and this is marked. I now look valve 4 in section B and shut valve 4'. in that section. I now operate the valve 4E" in section C precisely as I have described doing with the corresponding Valve 4" in sections A and B and set the funnel 13 at the desi-red point,which makes a new register on the paper or other suitable material, which is marked. I nowlock valve 4 in section C fast and shut valve 4 in that section. The saine operation is repeated with section D and the register similarly produced, and if I find I cannot produce the desired effect by operating any ofthe valves 4: I lower or raise the jet-pipes supplied by such a section until I obtain the desired effect. The removable scale card or paper is now removed from scale guard or bracket 25 and filed away for future reference, as if any one should meddle with the apparatus and throw it out of balance by restoring the card or paper to the scale-guard the funnel 13 can be quickly and easily set to any of the marks thereon and the valves easily and quickly adjusted to their former action.

If it should be desired to change the operation of the apparatus, this can be done without operating valve 4 and valve 4" simply by operating valve am', which allows the water to pass through the by-pass pipe, and it is unaffected by the valves et and 4m, and a vast number of effects ca'n thus be produced in the display, and when it 'is desired to set the apparatus at its normal operating-point valve 4 is shut, when the display will be at what may be called normaL It will at once be seen that the operatorA may operate one or more of the sections A, B, C, and D, to suit his taste, or all together, thus producing a great variety of effects.

In Figs. 2 and 3 Ishow another form of my apparatus wherein the jets 11 are each supplied with a separate supply-pipe 4C and each supply-pipe with a separate controlling-valve 29, whereby all the jets may be controlled and balanced 0r changed in operation at will by simply setting valves 29 at any desired position.

In Figs. 5, 6, and 7 I show different forms of regulating-overflows.

In Fig. 5 I show the telescopic tube 13 having the funnel turned or set at practically 'right angles to the tube, and when the water enters the funnel it flows down the tube, leaving space therein sufcient vfor the escape of any air and is practically noiseless inoperation.

In Fig. 6 I show the same form used in Fig. 1, but enlarged, that it may be clearly seen. The escaping water enters. the funnel 13, which is set in the largertube telescopically; but as the tubes fill with water some means is desirable by which to allow the escape of the conned air, and I have set the tube 15 with its funnel-shaped lower end in the tubes forming the regulating-overflow and provide a set-nut 17, so that when the funnel 13 is set at the desired height the set-nut 17 is moved on thctubc 15, preferably by means of threading the nut andtube,l and when in proper position I lock it lfast by any wellknown means, thus preventing the upward movement of the funnel 13 and preventing too great a depth of water accumulating over the jet-pipes and overloading them.

In Fig. 7 I show still another form of'regulating-overliow consisting of a casting 12, set in connection with the drain 30,and a threaded tube 13, arranged to rise and fall at will in the casting 12 by means of the threading shown. On top of tube 13 I set a circular flanged piece 13', with a barcrossing it diametrically, in the center of which bar is a threaded boss or nut, with the threads of which mesh the outer threaded tube 15. At the lower end of -tube 15 is an inverted funnel 15', making an adjustable air-vent pipe, the cbj ect of whichis to make the device practically noiseless by allowing the confined air to escape and not prevent the free iow of water down the overflow-tube during the peried that the regulating-overliow is submerged by the waves or pulsations caused by the jets when the apparatus is in operation.

In Figs.l 12 and 13 I show my apparatus in operation, showing two only of the many displays made by it. In Fig. 12 I show it in full eruption and in Fig. 13 as it appears when the eruption is nearly ended and the water is comingto its lowest ebb.

My object in using a plurality of jet-pipes is to produce an entirely different display than can possibly be produced by use of one jetpipe, and to do thisl most successively I ar range my jet-pipes 7 and headersoradistributers 6, 6', and 7 so that the pressure and volume of 'water in each header may be varied at will, so that the water from each jetpipe may be of equal pressure or volume or may be at any pressure and volume desired in order to cause the water-jets as they leave the jet-orices to act in any desired manner on the water in the basin 1 and in any `desired manner on each other as they escape from the water in the basin and rise abo've it. In o1'- der also to further vary the display, I preferably set my jet-pipes at different heights, as seen in Fig. 1, wherein the center jet-pipe will be seen to be the shortest and the others so set as vto be of varying heights. In Fig. 2 I show the jet-pipes as being of a uniform height, and when so set the display is very different that when the jet-pipes are set at differing heights. The use of a plurality of jet-pipes is therefore not mere duplication; but their use produces an` effect both upon the water in the pool or basin and upon the jets themselves impossible to be obtained by the use of a single jet, however arranged and operated.

Having described my invention so that those skilled in the art may know how to make and use the same, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. An apparatus for a fountain composed of a plurality of submerged headers or dis- IIO submerged arranged to receive their Water-l supplyjtherefrom, each of said submerged headers or distributers being arranged to receive a separate water-supply under pressure, and having means for controlling the volume and pressure of the water in each .submerged header or distributer in order that the volu me and pressure in each submerged header or distributor may be varied at will, substantially as described.

2. An apparatus for a fountain composed of a plurality of submerged jet-pipes with outlet-orifices submerged, each jet-pipe arranged to receive a separate Water-supply under pressure and having means for con trolling the volume and pressure of'water in each submerged jet-pipe and outlet-orifice in order that the pressure and volume of water in each submerged j et-pipe and outlet-orifice may be varied at will, substantially as described.

3. An apparatus for a fountain composed of a plurality of submerged headers or distributers and submerged `j et-pipes and outletorifices arranged to receive their Water-supply therefrom, eachof said submerged headers or distributors being arranged to receive a separate Water-supply under pressure and having means for controlling the volume and pressure of water in each submerged 'header or distributor, the outlet-orifices of the jetpipes being arranged to be submerged in a body of Water in order that when the Water under pressure escapes from the orifices of the jet-pipes it will move the body of Water and cause pulsations or Waves therein Whereby the orifices of the j et-pipes are covered and uncovered and the depth of the water over the orifices varied, substantially as described.

4. An apparatus for a fountain .composed of a Vplurality of submerged jet-pipes, each pipe arranged to receive a separate watersupply under pressure and having means for controlling the volume and pressure of the water in each pipe in order that the pressure and volume of Water in each pipe maybe varied at will, the outlet-orifices of the jetpipes being arranged to be submerged in a body of Water in order that when the Water under pressure escapes .from the orices of the jet-pipes it will move the body of Water and cause pulsations or waves therein Where- -by the orifices of the jet-tubes are covered and uncovered and the depth of the Water over the orices varied, substantially as described.

5. yAn apparatus for a fountain composed of a plurality of jet-pipes set and arranged so that the jet-outlet orifices Will lie in diflferent planes and be submerged in a body of Water, substantially as described.

-f 6. A jet-pipe for a fountain and other purposes,consistin g of lengths of tubing,the bores of which vary in diameter and having one of said lengths composed of a flexible tube, substantially as, described. l

'7i An apparatus for a fountain having jetpipes and a system of supply-pipes therefor, arranged in separate sections or groups and having means whereby the volumeand pressure in each section or group may be controlled at will, some of said means being arranged to be set and looked and having bypass pipes and means for controlling the iioW in them in order that a variety of displays of the issuing Water from the jets may be obtained, substantially asi-described.

8. A discharge-pipe having an adjustable jacket with openings at the top and bottom thereof, the bottom openings being arranged to be opened and closed in whole or in part in order that the inflow of Water into the jacket may be regulated and controlled, substantially as described.

v9. A regulating-overflow for a fountain and for other purposes consisting of a tube having an exit-opening; arranged to be raised and lowered at will and having means for the escape of the confined air in the overflowing liquid, substantially as described.

10. A regulating-overflow for a fountain and for other purposes consisting of a tube having an exit-opening arranged to be raisedA and lowered at will and having adjustable means for the escape of the confined air in the overflowing liquid, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

.f EDWIN D. BRAINARD.

Witnesses:

H. J. CHAPMAN, K. G. SIDLEY.

Slov 

